The Role of Vaccination in Prevention of Foodborne Disease in Children: A Systematic Review

Frenky Sorimuda Manullang; Endy Juli Anto

doi:10.26911/theijmed.2025.10.1.834

Authors

Frenky Sorimuda Manullang Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Health Sciences-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia
Endy Juli Anto Department of Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2025.10.1.834

Abstract

Background: Foodborne diseases pose a significant global health challenge, particularly for children in developing countries. Vaccination has emerged as a crucial strategy in controlling these diseases. This review examines the effectiveness and safety of foodborne disease vaccines in children based on recent literature.

Subjects and Method: This systematic review was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and WHO websites with the keywords "vaccine" and "foodborne disease". Peer-reviewed articles from the past 10 years were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach.

Results: This review identified significant developments in vaccines for rotavirus, cholera, typhoid, and candidate vaccines for Shigella, ETEC, and norovirus. Rotavirus vaccines demonstrated positive impacts in reducing hospitalization rates and deaths due to diarrhea, although effectiveness varied across populations. Inactivated oral cholera vaccines showed protection rates of 52-62% over the first two years. Typhoid vaccines showed potential in reducing disease burden in endemic areas. Development of Shigella, ETEC, and norovirus vaccines is ongoing with promising initial results.

Conclusion: Significant progress has been made in developing foodborne disease vaccines, but efforts are needed to improve global vaccination efficacy and coverage. Further research is required to optimize vaccine formulation, delivery strategies, and long-term evaluation across various target populations.

Keywords:

vaccine, foodborne disease

References

Ali M, Nelson A, Lopez A, Sack D (2015). Updated global burden of cholera in endemic countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 9(6):e0003832. Doi: 10.1371/-journal.pntd.0003832.

Antillón M, Warren J, Crawford F, Weinberger D, Pak G, Marks F, Pitzer V (2017). The burden of typhoid fever in low- and middle-income countries: A meta-regression approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 11(2): e0005376. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005376.

Atreya C (2004). Major foodborne illness causing viruses and current status of vaccines against the diseases. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 1(2): 89-96. Doi: 10.1089/153531404323143602.

Bernstein D, Atmar R, Lyon G, Treanor J, Chen W, Jiang X, Mendelman P (2015). Norovirus vaccine against experimental human GII.4 virus illness: A challenge study in healthy adults. J Infect Dis. 211(6): 870-8. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu497.

Bi Q, Ferreras E, Pezzoli L, Legros D, Ivers L, Date K (2017). Protection against cholera from killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccines: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 17(10): 1080-1088. Doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30359-6.

Bourgeois A, Wierzba T, Walker R (2016). Status of vaccine research and development for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Vaccine. 34(26): 2880-2886. Doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.-2016.02.076.

Burnett E, Jonesteller C, Tate J, Yen C, Parashar U (2017). Global impact of rotavirus vaccination on childhood hospitalizations and mortality from diarrhea. J Infect Dis. 215(11): 1666-1672. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix186.

Dave J, Sefton A (2015). Enteric fever and its impact on returning travelers. Int Health. 7(3): 163-8. Doi: 10.1093/-inthealth/ihv018.

Desai S, Cravioto A, Sur D, Kanungo S (2014). Maximizing protection from use of oral cholera vaccines in deve-loping country settings: an immuno-logical review of oral cholera vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 10(6): 1457-65. Doi: 10.4161/hv.291-99.

GBD Diarrhoeal Diseases Collaborators (2017). Estimates of global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoeal diseases: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet Infect Dis. 17(9): 909-948. Doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30276-1.

Gu B, Zhou M, Ke X, Pan S, Cao Y, Huang Y, Tong M (2015). Comparison of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in Shigella between Europe-America and Asia-Africa from 1998 to 2012. Epidemiol Infect. 143(13): 2687-99. Doi: 10.1017/S09-50268814003446.

Hall A, Glass R, Parashar U (2016). New insights into the global burden of noroviruses and opportunities for prevention. Expert Rev Vaccines. 15(8): 949-51. Doi: 10.1080/147-60584.2016.1178069.

Hosangadi D, Smith P, Giersing B (2019). Considerations for using ETEC and Shigella disease burden estimates to guide vaccine development strategy. Vaccine. 37(50): 7372-7380. Doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.083.

Jonesteller C, Burnett E, Yen C, Tate J, Parashar U (2017). Effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination: A systematic review of the first decade of global postlicensure data, 2006-2016. Clin Infect Dis. 65(5): 840-850. Doi: 10.1093/cid/cix369.

Kotloff K, Platts-Mills J, Nasrin D, Roose A, Blackwelder W, Levine M (2017). Global burden of diarrheal diseases among children in developing countries: Incidence, etiology, and insights from new molecular diag-nostic techniques. Vaccine. 35(49): 6783-6789. Doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.-2017.07.036.

Kotloff K, Riddle M, Platts-Mills J, Pavlinac P, Zaidi A (2018). Shigello-sis. Lancet. 391(10122): 801-812. Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33296-8.

Livio S, Strockbine N, Panchalingam S, Tennant S, Barry E, Marohn M, Levine M (2014). Shigella isolates from the global enteric multicenter study inform vaccine development. Clin Infect Dis. 59(7): 933-41. Doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu468.

Marks F, von Kalckreuth V, Aaby P, Adu-Sarkodie Y, El Tayeb M, Ali M, Wierzba T (2017). Incidence of inva-sive salmonella disease in sub-Saha-ran Africa: a multicentre popu lation based surveillance study. Lancet Glob Health. 5(3): e310-e323. Doi: 10.101-6/S2214-109X(17)30022-0.

Mwenda J, Burke R, Shaba K, Mihigo R, Tevi-Benissan M, Mumba M, Para-shar U (2017). Implementation of rotavirus surveillance and vaccine introduction - World Health Organi-zation African Region, 2007-2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 66(43): 1192-1196. Doi: 10.15585-/mmwr.mm6643a7.

Nataro J, Guerrant R (2017), Chronic con-sequences on human health induced by microbial pathogens: Growth faltering among children in develop-ing countries. Vaccine. 35(49): 6807-6812. Doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.-05.035.

Obaro S, Iroh Tam, P, Mintz E (2017, Mar). The unrecognized burden of typhoid fever. Expert Rev Vaccines. 16(3): 249-260. Doi: 10.1080/1476-0584.2017.1255553.

Ryan M, Vidal R, del Canto F, Salazar CJ (2015). Vaccines for viral and bacterial pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis: Part II: Vaccines for Shigella, Salmonella, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), and Campylobacter jejuni. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 11(13). Doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.-1011578.

Parker E, Ramani S, Lopman B, Church J, Iturriza-Gómara M, Prendergast A, Grassly N (2017). Causes of impaired oral vaccine efficacy in developing countries. Future Microbiol. 13(1): 97–118. Doi: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0128.

Platts-Mills J, Babji S, Bodhidatta L, Gratz J, Haque R, Havt A (2015). Pathogen-specific burdens of com-munity diarrhea in developing countries: A multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED). Lancet Glob Health. 3(9): e564-75. Doi: 10.1016-/S2214-109X(15)00151-5.

Qadri F, Wierzba T, Ali M, Chowdhury F, Khan A, Saha A, Clemens J (2016). Efficacy of a single-dose, inactivated oral cholera vaccine in Bangladesh. N Engl J Med. 374(18): 1723-32. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1510330.

Riddle M, Walker R (2016). Status of vaccine research and development for norovirus. Vaccine. 34(26): 2895-2899. Doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.-2016.03.077.

Riddle M, Chen W, Kirkwood C, Mac-Lennan C (2018). Update on vaccines for enteric pathogens. Clin Microbiol Infect. 24(10): 1039-1045. Doi: 10.1-016/j.cmi.2018.06.023.

Sinclair D, Abba K, Zaman K, Qadri F, Graves P (2011). Oral vaccines for preventing cholera. Cochrane Data-base Syst Rev. 2011(3): CD008603. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008603.-pub2.

WHO (2017). Deployments from the oral cholera vaccine stockpile. (2017). Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 92(32): 437-42. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/-258708.

WHO (2022). Foodborne diseases. Re-trieved from https://www.who.int/-health-topics/foodborne-diseases#-tab=tab_1.

WHO (2024). Foodborne diseases esti-mates. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/who-estimates-of-the-global-burden-of-foodborne-diseases