Preventing Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders: Effect of Stretching Exercise in Reducing Pain Among Factory Workers

Authors

  • Faizah Nurul Fitri Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta
  • Dea Linia Romadhoni Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta
  • Alinda Nur Ramadhani Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta
  • Cahyo Setiawan Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2025.10.2.655

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), often caused by prolonged static and repetitive sitting, can lead to pain and discomfort. Regular stretching every two hours may help alleviate this pain. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of performing stretching exercises every two hours in reducing pain associated with the risk of MSDs.


Subjects and Method: A quasi experimental study was carried out at Berdijaya Factory, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. A total of 40 factory workers with MSDs complaint was recruited using a purposive sampling. The dependent variable was pain. The independent variable was stretching exercise every 2 hours per day for 2 weeks. Pain was measured using numeric rating scales (NRS). The data were tested before and after intervention using paired t test.


Results: After two weeks of intervention, mean of pain score (Mean= 3.88; SD= 1.25) was lower than before (Mean= 5.08; SD= 1.09), with (p = 0.025).

Conclusion: Stretching exercises performed every 2 hours per day for 2 weeks can reduce musculoskeletal pain among factory workers.

Keywords:

Musculoskeletal disorders, strestching exercise, pain, workers

Author Biographies

Faizah Nurul Fitri, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta

Departemen Fisioterapi

Dea Linia Romadhoni, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta

Departemen Fisioterapi

Alinda Nur Ramadhani, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta

Departemen Fisioterapi

Cahyo Setiawan, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Surakarta

Departemen Fisioterapi

References

Aprianto B, Hidayatulloh A F, Zuchri F N, Seviana I, Amalia R (2021). Faktor risiko penyebab musculoskeletal dis-orders (MSDs) pada pekerja: A syste-matic review. Jurnal Kesehatan Tam-busai, 2(2)16-25. https://doi.org/10.-31004/jkt.v2i2.1767.

Chambers J (2022). Musculoskeletal dis-orders sourcebook, in Hayes K (ed.). Health Reference Series. First Edition. Britania Raya: Infobase Publishing. 44–46. https://www.-google.co.id/books/edition/Musculo-skeletal_Dis-orders_Sourcebook_Fir/DP2nEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1.

Gallagher S, Barbe M F (2022). Musculo-skeletal disorders: The Fatigue Failure Mechanism, in Wiley J and Sons (eds.). USA: Wiley. https://doi.org/10-.1002/9781119640172.

Izzah N (2021). Hubungan faktor risiko dengan kejadian musculoskeletal dis-orders (MSDs) pada supir penumpang Trans Tolitoli-Palu. Doctoral dissertation. Universitas Hasanuddin. https://repository.-unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/17836/.

Kemenkes RI (2017). Senam peregangan Indonesia bakal jadi gaya hidup sehat ASEAN. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://kemkes.go.id/id/%20senam-peregangan-indonesia-bakal-jadi-gaya-hidup-sehat-asean.

Kerroum MA, Zerf M (2020). Types of classroom chair stretch exercises and their feasibility and potential to structure the recommend classroom-based physical activity break primary programs. Acta Facultatis Educationis Physicae Universitatis Comenianae. 60(2): 229–240. https://doi.org/10.2478/afepuc-2020-0019.

Marcilin M, Situngkir D (2020). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada unit sortir di PT. Indah Kiat Pulp and Paper Tangerang TBK tahun 2018. Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Health. 4(2). https://-doi.org/10.21111/jihoh.v4i2.3482.

Nooryana S, Adiatmika IPG, Purnawati S (2020). Latihan peregangan dinamis dan istirahat aktif menurunkan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja di industri garmen. Jurnal Ergonomi Indonesia. 6(1): 61. https://doi.org/10.24843/-JEI.2020.v06.i01.p08.

Oktaviani D, Ismayenti L, Nugroho D (2022). Pengaruh gerakan peregangan pada penjahit garmen terhadap penurunan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). J Ergon dan K3. 7(1): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.34012/bkkp.-v4i1.6547.

Prahastuti BS, Djaali NA, Usman S (2021). Faktor risiko gejala muskuloskeletal disorder (MSDs) pada pekerja buruh pasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 13(1) : 47–54. https://doi.org/10.37012/jik.-v13i1.516.

Prima DW, Setyaningsih Y, Lestantyo D (2022). The effect of anti-fatigue mat and stretching on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) complaints of sewing operator PT. X. Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan. 7(S1). https://doi.-org/10.30604/jika.v7is1.1094.

Priyoto WBW (2019). Pengaruh pemberian intervensi senam peregangan di tempat kerja terhadap penurunan gangguan MSDs dan kadar asam urat darah. Jurnal Keperawatan. 12(1) : 53–68. https://e-journal.lppmdianhusa-da.ac.id/index.php/jk/article/view/9/6.

Purwantini D, Mariana FN, Ruslani APK (2021). Efektivitas latihan stretching terhadap penurunan nyeri akibat musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs) di tempat kerja. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah. 6(2). https://doi.org-/10.30651/jkm.v6i2.7854.

Puspitasari N, Arifin AN (2020). Edukasi kesehatan kerja: Upaya promotif dan preventif musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs) pada pekerja batik tulis di kelompok batik suka maju. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Al-Irsyad. 2(2). https://doi.org/10.36760/jpma.-v2i2.141.

Qi LM, Ramalingam V (2019). Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated risk factors among selected factory workers in Penang. Malaysia. Inti Journal. https://iuojs.-intimal.edu.my-/index.php/intijournal/article/view/350/346.

Riska, Asikin M, Zarkasyi RR (2022). Gambaran gangguan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja mobile dan permanent penggiling padi di Kecamatan Tiroang, Kabupaten Pinrang. Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat. 22: 369–378. https://doi.org/10.32382/sulolipu.v22i2.2932.

Romadhoni DL, Ramadhani AN (2021). Association between psychosocial factor and risk of musculosceletal disorders in productive age patient at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Gaster. 19(1): 10–19. https://doi.org/10.307-87/gaster.v19i1.661.

Romadhoni DL, Ramadhani AN, Lidiana EH (2021). Relationship of work in pandemic era with increased risk of musculosceletal disorders that lead to change in cervical posture. J Epidemiol Public Health. 06(03): 347–354. https://doi.org/10.26911/-jepublichealth.2021.06.03.08.

Saphira A Z T (2022). Pengaruh workplace stretching exercise terhadap keluhan musculoskeletal disorders pada tenaga kerja bongkar muat di Pelabuhan Kota Makassar. Doctoral dissertation. Universitas Hasanuddin. https://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/-eprint/18127/.

Shariat A, Cleland JA, Danaee M, Kargarfard M, Sangelaji B, Tamrin SBM (2018). Effects of stretching exercise training and ergonomic modifications on musculoskeletal discomforts of office workers: A randomized controlled trial. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy. 22(2): 144–153. https://doi.org/10.10-16/j.bjpt.2017.09.003.

Shobur S, Maksuk, Sari F I (2019). Faktor risiko musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja tenun ikat di Kelurahan Tuan Kentang Kota Palembang. Jurnal Medikes: Media Informasi Kesehatan. 6(2). https://doi.org-/10.36743/medikes.v6i2.188.

Susanti N, Septi A N (2021). Penyuluhan fisioterapi pada sikap ergonomis untuk mengurangi terjadinya gangguan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) di komunitas keluarga Desa Kebojongan Kec. Comal Kab. Pemalang. Pena Abdimas: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. 2(1). https://doi.org/10.31941/-abdms.v2i1.1290.

Weyh C, Pilat C, Krüger K (2020). Musculoskeletal disorders and level of physical activity in welders. Occupational Medicine. 70(8): 586–592. https://doi.org-/10.1093/occmed/kqaa169

WHO (2022). Musculoskeletal health. World Health Organization. https://-www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/musculoskeletal-conditions.

Widyaningsih F, Parinduri A I, Irmayani, Simarmata H, Jeni S (2021). Pengaruh pemberian gerakan relaksasi terhadap penurunan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah pada pekerja penenun ulos di Galery Ulos Sianipar Medan. Jurnal Kesmas Dan Gizi. 3(2): 226–230. https://doi.org/10.35451/jkg.v3i2.650.

Yosineba TP, Bahar E, Adnindya MR (2020). Risiko ergonomi dan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pengrajin tenun di Palembang. Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya. 7(1): 60–66. https://doi.org/10.32539/JKK.V7I1.10699.

Downloads

Published

2025-04-24

Issue

Section

Articles