Correlation between Hemoglobin Levels and Muscular Endurance in Soccer Athletes

Authors

  • Nur Afni Heryanti Octavia Masters Program in Biomedics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • Muhammad Ichwan Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • Putri Chairani Eyanoer Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background: Muscular endurance is one of the important components of physical fitness in the sport of soccer player. Soccer athletes are required to contracting the muscle explosively as maximum as possible and must have high aerobic capability. This study aimed to determine the correlation between hemoglobin levels with muscular endurance in soccer athletes.

Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The population was soccer player athlete who was incorporated in soccer clubs and soccer schools at Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. A sample of 96 soccer athletes was selected for this study. The dependent variable was muscular endurance. The independent variables were hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin level was measured by the cyanmethemoglobin method, and muscular endurance was measured by the push-up test. The data was analyzed using a Spearman test.

Results: Hemoglobin levels were positively correlated with muscular endurance levels and it was statistically significant (r = 0.226; p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study showed hemoglobin levels correlates with muscular endurance.

Keywords: hemoglobin, muscular endurance, soccer  athletes

Correspondence: Nur Afni Heryanti Octavia. Masters Program in Biomedics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas  Sumatera Utara. Email: nurafniheryantioctavia@gmail.com.

Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2018), 3(3): 168-172
https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2018.03.03.07

References

Ahmetov II, Fedotovskaya ON (2015). Current progress in sports genomics. Adv clin chem.

Cerretelli P, DiPrampero PE (1985). Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during exercise at altitude, in High Altitude Deterioration, eds Rivolier J, Cerreteli P, Foray J, Segantini P, editors. (Basel: Karger;), 1-19.

Figueiredo PA, Mota MP, Appell HJ, Duarte JA (2008). The role of mitochondria in the aging of skeletal muscle. Biogerontology 9: 67-84.

Gan Z, Kralli A, Kelly DP (2013). Nuclear receptor/microRNA circuitry links muscle fiber type to energy metabolism. J Clin Invest. 123(6):2564-2575.

Husaini MA, dadang AP, Anie K, Dangsina M, Didit D (2002). Gizi atlet sepak bola Jakarta: Depkes R.I. Dirjen Kesehatan Masyarakat Direktorat Gizi Masyarakat.

Katch LV, McArdle DW, Katch, IF (2011). Essential of exercise physiology, fourth edition. Lippincott Williams & wilkins, a wolter kluwer bussines, Philadelphia, PA 19103.

Kenney LW, Wilmore JH, Costill LD (2012). Physiology of sport and exercise, 5th ed. Human kinetics, P.O. Box 5076, Champaign, IL 61825-5076. United State of America.

Lanza IR, Short DK, Short KR, Raghavaikamal S, Basu R, Joyner MJ, et al. (2008). Endurance exercise as a countermeasure for aging. Diabetes 57: 2933-2942.

Lira V, Benton CR, Yan Z, Bonen A (2010). PGC-1α regulation by exercise training and its influences on muscle function and insulin sensitivity. Am. J. physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 299: 145.

Lucia A, Gómez-Gallego F, Barroso I, Rabadádan M, Bandrés F, Juan AFS, et al (2005). PPARGC1A genotype (Gly482Ser) predicts exceptional endurance capacity in European men. J appl physiol. 99: 344-348.

Mahastuti F, Rahfiludin Z, Suroto (2018). Hubungan tingkat kecukupan gizi, aktivitas fisik dan kadar hemoglobin dengan kebugaran jasmani (studi pada atlet basket di Universitas Negeri Semarang). Jurnal kesehatan masyarakat (e-journal). 6(1).

Mutohir, Maksum (2007). Sport development index. (Konsep metodologi dan aplikasi) alternatif lain mengukur kemajuan pembangunan bidang keolahragaan. PT Index.

Prior B, Yang H, Terjung R (2004). What makes vessels grow with exercise training?. J Appl Physiol. 97: 1119-1128.

Rink JE, Hall TJ, Williams LH (2010). Schoolwide physical activity, a comprehensive guide to desighning and conducting programs. United State of America: Human Kinetics.

Romanello V, Guadagnin E, Gomes L, Roder I, Sandri C, Petersen Y, et al. (2010). Mitochondrial fission and remodeling contributes to muscle atrophy. EMBO J. 29: 1774-1785.

Saunders PU, Garvican-Lewis LA, Schmidt WF, Gore JG (2013). Relationship between changes in haeemoglobin mass and maximal oxygen uptake after hypoxic exposure. Br J Sport Meds. 47:i26-i30. Doi: 10.1136/bjs-ports-2013-092841.

Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Kooi ME, Hesselink MK, Jeneson JA, Backes WH, vanEchteld, et al. (2007). Impaired in vivo mitochondrial function but similar and intramyocellular lipid content in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and BMI-matched control subjects. Diabetologia 50: 113-120.

US Department of Human Service (2011). Physical activity for everyone: glossary of terms.

WHO (2001). Iron deficiency anemia assessment, prevention and control. A guide for programe manager. https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/micronutrients/anaemia_iron_deficiency/WHO_NHD_01.3/en/

Yan Z, Okutsu M, Akhtar YN, Lira V (2011).Regulation of exerciseinduced fiber type transformation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. Journal of applied physiology. 110:264-274.

Downloads

Published

2018-10-01

Issue

Section

Articles